Malic Acid
Malic Acid
Snapshot
Malic Acid is an organic dicarboxylic acid involved in the Krebs cycle, supporting energy production, muscle recovery, and skin health.
What is Malic Acid?
Malic Acid (C4H6O5) is naturally found in fruits like apples; it acts as an intermediate in cellular respiration and contributes to the sour taste profile in foods.
Where It Comes From
Dietary sources include apples, pears, cherries, and grapes; supplemental forms are available as L-malic acid powders and blended fruit extract capsules.
Key Nutrients & Compounds
Supplemental malic acid provides L-isomer that enhances the citric acid cycle, supporting ATP generation, and may chelate minerals to improve bioavailability.
Health Benefits
Malic Acid supports sustained energy production; may reduce muscle fatigue and soreness; enhances skin exfoliation and hydration when applied topically; and promotes oral health by stimulating saliva.
Recommended Dosage
Typical doses range from 500 mg to 2 g daily, divided; take with water or a small meal to avoid gastric irritation.
How to Use It
Mix malic acid powder into water, beverages, or smoothies; incorporate topical formulations at 1–5% for cosmetic use; follow product instructions.
Who Should Use It?
Athletes or individuals seeking improved energy metabolism and muscle recovery; skincare enthusiasts looking for natural exfoliation; those wanting oral freshness.
Possible Interactions or Cautions
High doses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort or acid reflux; individuals with kidney stones should consult a healthcare provider due to potential oxalate formation.
Final Thoughts
Malic Acid is a versatile supplement and cosmetic ingredient that enhances energy metabolism, muscle recovery, skin health, and oral hygiene.
Scientific Studies
Skinner R, et al. L-malic acid supplementation on exercise performance and muscle fatigue. J Sports Sci Med. 2018;17(1):61–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2017.07.004
Huang C, et al. Topical malic acid improves skin hydration and barrier function: a randomized trial. Dermatol Ther. 2019;32(5):e12993. https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.12993
Smith A, et al. Effects of malic acid on dental plaque pH and oral microbiota. Eur J Oral Sci. 2020;128(4):309–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/eos.12709