Dipotassium Phosphate
Dipotassium Phosphate
Snapshot
Dipotassium phosphate is a soluble mineral salt that provides potassium and phosphate ions, supporting electrolyte balance, energy metabolism, and acid‑base homeostasis.
What is Dipotassium Phosphate?
Dipotassium phosphate (K₂HPO₄) is an inorganic compound used as a food additive, buffering agent, and electrolyte source. It dissociates in water to yield potassium ions—which regulate nerve and muscle function—and phosphate ions, critical for energy production and bone health.
Where It Comes From
This compound is synthesized by neutralizing phosphoric acid with potassium hydroxide. It appears in nutritional formulations, dairy products, protein shakes, and medical electrolyte solutions.
Key Nutrients & Compounds
Dipotassium phosphate delivers bioavailable potassium and phosphate. Potassium is essential for cellular electrical gradients, while phosphate is a component of ATP, DNA, and phospholipids, playing a key role in energy transfer and structural functions.
Health Benefits
By replenishing potassium and phosphate, dipotassium phosphate supports fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction. Phosphate contributes to efficient ATP regeneration, enhancing energy levels and metabolic function. Together, they help maintain acid‑base equilibrium and may support bone mineralization.
Recommended Dosage
Dosage varies by application: in electrolyte formulations, 100–200 mg of dipotassium phosphate per serving is common for sports drinks. Medical uses follow clinical guidelines based on blood electrolyte measurements. Always adhere to product labeling or healthcare provider recommendations.
How to Use It
Dipotassium phosphate is used as an ingredient in powdered drink mixes, meal replacements, and clinical nutrition formulas. It dissolves readily in water and is typically mixed into beverages to restore electrolytes after exercise or illness.
Who Should Use It?
Athletes, individuals with high sweat losses, and those needing rapid electrolyte repletion—such as during illness or recovery—benefit from dipotassium phosphate. It’s also used in medical settings for patients requiring controlled electrolyte supplementation.
Possible Interactions or Cautions
Excessive potassium intake can cause hyperkalemia, leading to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness. People with kidney impairment or on potassium‑sparing medications should use caution and consult a healthcare provider. Phosphate levels must be monitored in individuals with renal dysfunction.
Final Thoughts
Dipotassium phosphate is a dual-source electrolyte that efficiently restores potassium and phosphate levels, supporting energy metabolism, muscle and nerve function, and acid‑base balance. Its solubility and stability make it a versatile component in sports and clinical nutrition.
Scientific Studies
Noel, J., et al. (2018). Effects of electrolyte supplementation on hydration and performance during prolonged exercise. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0236-5
Patil, K. R., & Patil, R. T. (2016). Role of potassium and phosphate in cellular energy metabolism. Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, 2(3), 125–130.