Methionine
Methionine
Snapshot
Methionine is an essential sulfur-containing amino acid vital for protein synthesis, methylation reactions, and antioxidant production.
What is Methionine?
Methionine is a proteinogenic amino acid that must be obtained through diet; it serves as a precursor for S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a key methyl donor in cellular processes.
Where It Comes From
Dietary sources include meat, fish, dairy, eggs, and some nuts and seeds; available as L-methionine supplements or in combination with B-vitamins.
Key Nutrients & Compounds
Supplemental methionine provides L-isomer for SAMe synthesis, supporting DNA methylation, neurotransmitter production, and glutathione synthesis.
Health Benefits
Methionine supports liver detoxification and antioxidant defenses via glutathione; contributes to mood regulation and cognitive function through SAMe pathways; aids in hair, skin, and nail health.
Recommended Dosage
Typical supplemental doses range from 500 mg to 2 g daily, often divided; higher therapeutic doses require medical supervision.
How to Use It
Take methionine supplements with meals to support absorption; combining with vitamins B6, B12, and folate enhances methylation pathways.
Who Should Use It?
Individuals with increased methylation needs (e.g., genetic polymorphisms), those supporting liver health, or anyone seeking enhanced antioxidant capacity.
Possible Interactions or Cautions
High doses may elevate homocysteine; ensure adequate B-vitamin status to recycle homocysteine; consult a healthcare provider if predisposed to cardiovascular disease.
Final Thoughts
Methionine is crucial for methylation, detoxification, and antioxidant production, but balance with cofactors is essential to prevent homocysteine buildup.
Scientific Studies
Finkelstein JD. The metabolism of homocysteine: pathways and regulation. Eur J Pediatr. 1998;157(Suppl 3):S40–S44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004310051052
Ueland PM. Choline and betaine in health and disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2011;34(1):3–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10545-010-9256-8
Bedford MR, Fernandez GC. Methionine requirements and supplementation in animals and humans. J Nutr Biochem. 2012;23(9):1016–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.06.015