Pelargonium graveolens (Rose Geranium)

Snapshot

Fragrant essential oil from rose-scented geranium leaves, used in skincare, aromatherapy, and herbal medicine for its calming, antimicrobial, and balancing effects.

 

What It Is

Pelargonium graveolens, often called rose geranium, is a perennial shrub cultivated for its aromatic leaves and stems. The essential oil distilled from this plant is prized for its floral fragrance, skin-soothing properties, and potential emotional balancing effects.

Where It Comes From

Native to South Africa, rose geranium is now cultivated in Egypt, China, and Réunion Island. The essential oil is extracted by steam distillation of the fresh leaves and stems, producing a sweet, rose-like aroma commonly used in perfumes and therapeutic blends.

Key Nutrients & Compounds

The essential oil is rich in monoterpenes and alcohols, including citronellol, geraniol, linalool, and isomenthone. These compounds contribute to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and calming effects.

Health Benefits

  • Skin Support – Used topically in diluted form to calm irritation, balance oil, and support wound healing.
  • Aromatherapy – Inhalation may help reduce stress, promote relaxation, and balance mood.
  • Antimicrobial Properties – Shown to exhibit antibacterial and antifungal effects, making it useful in natural topical formulations.
  • Insect Repellent – Traditionally applied as a natural deterrent against mosquitoes and pests.

Recommended Dosage

Topical use: Dilute to 1–2% in carrier oil for skincare applications.

Aromatherapy: Add 3–5 drops to a diffuser or inhalation steam.

Cosmetic formulations: Typically included at 0.1–1% concentration.

How To Use It

Add a few drops to a diffuser for aromatic relaxation, blend with a carrier oil for massage or skincare, or incorporate into homemade creams and lotions for fragrance and soothing benefits.

Who Should Use It

Individuals seeking a natural mood-balancing essential oil, those with oily or sensitive skin, and people preferring botanical alternatives for stress relief or insect protection.

Possible Interactions or Cautions

Always dilute before applying to the skin to avoid irritation. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult a healthcare professional before use. Not for oral ingestion unless under professional supervision.

Final Thoughts

Pelargonium graveolens offers a fragrant, versatile essential oil with applications ranging from skincare to mood support. With careful use, it can be a valuable botanical ally for both wellness and aromatherapy.

Scientific Studies

Bouzenna H, Hfaiedh N, Giroux-Metges MA, Elfeki A, Hfaiedh M. Assessment of the toxic potential of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil in rats and antimicrobial activity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017.
http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28593560

Elmann A, Mordechay S, Rindner M, Ofir R. Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of Pelargonium graveolens extract. Phytother Res. 2010.
http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20549725

Ben Hsouna A, Gargouri M, Dhifi W, Saibi W, Mnif W. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and in vivo wound healing properties of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil. Int J Mol Med. 2020.
http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074487